Although most are described as “harmless” with only short-term pain involved, muscle cramps can be a consequence of an underlying medical condition such as inadequate blood supply, nerve compression and mineral depletion.
The first, inadequate blood flow can cause cramping as arteries that deliver blood to the legs narrow. This occurs especially when exercising, meaning that cramp will occur shortly afterwards and during a certain exercise or activity.
Nerve compression, especially in the spine can cause cramp. This pain usually worsens the longer you walk. But walking in a slightly flexed position may improve or delay the onset of symptoms.
Finally, mineral depletion such as too little potassium, calcium or magnesium in the diet can contribute to leg cramps. In fact, low levels of calcium can cause muscle weakness, involuntary twitching – especially in the face and around the mouth – and even heart palpitations or abnormal heart rhythms.
