After the researchers performed their analysis, daily consumption of three to four cups was borderline associated and a daily consumption of five to six cups was significantly associated with reduced risk of VTE as compared with coffee abstainers.
The study adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, physical activity, diabetes, history of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
“Our findings suggest a possible U-shaped relationship between coffee consumption and VTE, and that moderate coffee consumption may be associated with a reduced risk of VTE,” the researchers concluded.
“However, more studies are needed to establish whether moderate coffee consumption is inversely associated with the risk of VTE.”