As part of the research, two compounds – trigonelline (TRG) and nicotinic acid (NA) – were isolated from the paste.
It found that these compounds could be the reason for the blood sugar-lowering and diabetes-preventing effects of pumpkin.
The paper says: “Feeding a diet containing TRG and NA respectively improved and tended to improve glucose tolerance.”
Although there could be concerns that pumpkin could actually cause blood sugar to rise as has a high glycaemic index, Healthline explains that it has a low glycaemic load: “meaning that it’s unlikely to have a significant effect on your blood sugar as long as you exercise portion control.”